The role of morpho-anatomical traits of the leaves in the taxonomy of Kalanchoideae Berg. subfamily (Crassulaceae DC.)
Abstract
The paper presents the results of the analysis of the morphological and anatomical structure of leaves of 35 species of the genus Kalanchoë Adans. (Crassulaceae DC.) in the taxonomic aspect of the subfamily Kalanchoideae Berg. Based on own studies and literature analyses of the flower morphology, embryology, karyology, vascular anatomy of stem and molecular genetics, the author has found that the most appropriate taxonomic system of the subfamily Kalanchoideae assumes existence of one genus Kalanchoë divided into three sections: Bryophyllum (Salisb.) Boit. & Mann., Eukalanchoë Boit. & Mann. and Kitchingia (Bak.) Boit. & Mann. Distinguishing three separate genera Bryophyllum Salisb., Kalanchoё Adans. and Kitchingia Bak., as has been the case throughout the history of the subfamily Kalanchoideae, is hardly possible due to existence of “intermediate” species.
References
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Baillon M.H. 1885. Liste des plantes de Madagascar. Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. 1: 465–472.
Baker J.G. 1881. Notes on a collection of flowering plants made by L. Kitching, Esq., in Madagascar in 1879. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 264–281.
Baldwin J.T. 1938. Kalanchoë: the genus and its chromosomes. Amer. J. Bot. 25: 572–579.
Bentham G. & Hooker J.D. 1865. Genera plantarum. Vol. 1. L Reeve & Co.; Williams & Northgate, London.
Berger A. 1930. Crassulaceae. In: Engler A. & Prantl K. (eds). Die Natürlichen Planzenfamilien. Bd. 18A: 352–483. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig.
Boiteau P. & Allorge-Boiteau L. 1995. Kalanchoë de Madagascar. Systématique, écophysiologie et phytochemie. Karthala, Paris.
Boiteau P. & Mannoni O. 1948. Les Kalanchoë. Cactus (Paris) 13: 7–10; 14: 23–28; 15–16: 37–42; 17–18: 57–58.
Boiteau P. & Mannoni O. 1949. Les Kalanchoë. Cactus (Paris) 19: 9–14; 20: 45–46; 21: 69–76; 22: 113–114.
Byalt V.V. 2000. Notes for some species of genera Kalanchoë Adans. and Bryophyllum Salisb. (Crassulaceae). Novosti Sistem. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 50–52. (In Russian).
Byalt V.V. 2008. New combinations in the genera Bryophyllum and Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae). Bot. Zhurn. 93: 461–465. (In Russian).
Chernetskyy M. 2007. Kseromorficzne przystosowania struktury liści wybranych gatunków z rodzaju Kalanchoё Adans. (Crassulaceae DC.). Rozprawa doktorska, Akademia Rolnicza w Lublinie, Lublin.
Chernetskyy M. 2011. Problems in nomenclature and systematics in the subfamily Kalanchoideae (Crassulaceae) over the years. Acta Agrobot. 64 (4): 67–74.
Dalzell N.A. 1852. Contributions to the botany of Western India. Hooker’s Jour. Bot. 4: 341–347.
Decary R. 1962. Les Kalanchoés de Madagascar. Nature Sci. Progr. 3332: 516–520.
Descoings B. 2003. Kalanchoë. In: Eggli U. (ed.). Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants – Crassulaceae: 143–181. Springer-Verlag, Berlin–Heidelberg–New York.
Descoings B. 2006. Le genre Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae): structure et définition. J. Bot., Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 33: 3–28.
Endlicher S.L. 1839. Genera Plantarum Secundum Ordines Naturals Disposita. Pt. 1. Fr Beck, Wien.
Forster P.I. 1985. The genera Kalanchoë and Bryophyllum in cultivation. Anacampseros 1 (I): 37–41; 1 (II): 52–56.
Friedmann F. 1971. Sur de nouveans nombers chromosomiques dans le genre Kalanchoë (Crassulacées) à Madagascar. Candolla 26: 103–107.
Friedmann F. 1975. Formes de croissance et multiplication végétative des Kalanchoë malgaches. Candolla 30: 177–188.
Gehrig H., Gaussmann O., Marx H., Schwarzott D. & Kluge M. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of the genus Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) inferred from nucleotide sequences of the ITS-1 and ITS-2 regions. Plant Sci. 160: 827–835.
Ham V.R.C.H.J. & ‘t Hart H. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships in the Crassulaceae inferred from chloroplast DNA restriction-site variation. Amer. J. Bot. 85: 123–134.
Hamet R. 1907. Monographie du genre Kalanchoë. Bull. Herb. Bois. sér. 2. 7: 869–900.
Hamet R. 1908. Monographie du genre Kalanchoë. Bull. Herb. Bois. sér. 2. 8: 17–48.
Hamet R. 1963. Sur quarte Kalanchoë – dort trois nouveaux – de e’Angola et sur un Kalanchoë du Mozambique. Bol. Soc. Brot. sér. 2. 37: 5–32.
Hamet R. & Marnier-Lapostolle J. 1964. Le genre Kalanchoë au jardin botanique „Les Cèdres”. Arch. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat. 8: 1–107.
Hance H.F. 1873. Flora Hongkongensis Supplementum. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 13: 95–144.
Hutchinson J. & Dalziel M.D. 1954. Flora of West Tropical Africa. 2e ed. Rev. par. RWJ Keay, London.
Jacobsen H. 1981. Das Sukkulenten Lexicon. VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena.
Jensen L.C.W. 1968. Primary stem vascular patterns in three subfamilies of the Crassulaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 55: 553–563.
Lauzak-Marchal M. 1974. Réhabilitation du genre Bryophyllum Salisb. (Crassulacées, Kalanchoїdées). C. R. Acad. Sci. sér. D. 278: 2505–2508.
Mauritzon J. 1933. Studien über die Embriologie der Familien Crassulaceae und Saxifragaceae. Dissertat. Univ. of Lund, Håkan Ohlssons Buchdruckerei, Lund.
Mort M.E., Soltis D.E., Soltis P.S., Francisco-Ortega J. & Santos-Guerra A. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of Crassulaceae inferred from matK. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 76–91.
Perrier de la Bâthie H. 1923. Crassulacées malgaches nouvelles. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 29: 452–455.
Perrier de la Bâthie H. 1928. Observations nouvelles sur le genre Kalanchoë. Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 2: 17–31.
Raadts E. 1977. The genus Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) in tropical East Africa. Willdenowia 8: 101–157.
Raadts E. 1983. Cytotaxonomische Untersuchungen an Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) 1. Kalanchoë marmorata Baker und 2 neue Kalanchoë-Arten aus Ostafrika. Willdenowia 13: 373–385.
Raadts E. 1985. Cytotaxonomische Untersuchungen an Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) 2. Chromosomenzahlen intermediärer Formen. Willdenowia 15: 157–166.
Raadts E. 1989. Cytotaxonomische Untersuchungen an Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) 3. Chromosomenzahlen ostafrikanischer Kalanchoë-Sippen. Willdenowia 19: 169–174.
Rauh W. 1995. Succulent and xerophytic plants of Madagascar. Vol. 1. Strawberry Press, Mill Valley (US: CA).
Salisbury R.A. 1805. The paradisus Londinensis. Vol. 1, T. 3. D.N. Shury & W.W.Hooker, London.
Schönland S. 1891. Crassulaceae. In: Engler A. & Prantl K. (eds). Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 1st ed. 3 (2a): 23-38. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig.
Stapf O. 1908. Kitchingia uniflora Stapf. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew: 258–259.
’t Hart H. 1995. Infrafamilial and generic classification of the Crassulaceae. In: ’t Hart H. & Eggi U. (eds). Evolution and Systematics of the Crassulaceae: 159–172. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.
Tillson A.H. 1940. The floral anatomy of the Kalanchoideae. Amer. J. Bot. 27: 596–600.
Tölken H.R. 1985. Crassulaceae. In: Leistner O.A. (ed.). Flora of Southern Africa. Vol. 14:1–244. Botanical Research Institute, Department of Agriculture & Water Supply, Pretoria (RSA).
Uhl C.H. 1948. Cytotaxonomic studies in the subfamilies Crassuloideae, Kalanchoideae and Cotyledonoideae of the Crassulaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 35: 695–706.
Wickens G. 1982. Miscellaneous notes on Crassula, Bryophyllum and Kalanchoë. Kew Bull. 36: 665–674.
Zepkova N.L. 1976. Division main numbers of chromosomes and polyploidy of rows in the family Crassulaceae. Voprosy Sist. Pokrytosem. Rast.: 77–81. (In Russian).
Zepkova N.L. 1980. Comparison of proposing a system the family Crassulaceae of system A. Berger’s. Voprosy Bot.: 138-145. (In Russian).
Baillon M.H. 1885. Liste des plantes de Madagascar. Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. 1: 465–472.
Baker J.G. 1881. Notes on a collection of flowering plants made by L. Kitching, Esq., in Madagascar in 1879. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 264–281.
Baldwin J.T. 1938. Kalanchoë: the genus and its chromosomes. Amer. J. Bot. 25: 572–579.
Bentham G. & Hooker J.D. 1865. Genera plantarum. Vol. 1. L Reeve & Co.; Williams & Northgate, London.
Berger A. 1930. Crassulaceae. In: Engler A. & Prantl K. (eds). Die Natürlichen Planzenfamilien. Bd. 18A: 352–483. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig.
Boiteau P. & Allorge-Boiteau L. 1995. Kalanchoë de Madagascar. Systématique, écophysiologie et phytochemie. Karthala, Paris.
Boiteau P. & Mannoni O. 1948. Les Kalanchoë. Cactus (Paris) 13: 7–10; 14: 23–28; 15–16: 37–42; 17–18: 57–58.
Boiteau P. & Mannoni O. 1949. Les Kalanchoë. Cactus (Paris) 19: 9–14; 20: 45–46; 21: 69–76; 22: 113–114.
Byalt V.V. 2000. Notes for some species of genera Kalanchoë Adans. and Bryophyllum Salisb. (Crassulaceae). Novosti Sistem. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 50–52. (In Russian).
Byalt V.V. 2008. New combinations in the genera Bryophyllum and Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae). Bot. Zhurn. 93: 461–465. (In Russian).
Chernetskyy M. 2007. Kseromorficzne przystosowania struktury liści wybranych gatunków z rodzaju Kalanchoё Adans. (Crassulaceae DC.). Rozprawa doktorska, Akademia Rolnicza w Lublinie, Lublin.
Chernetskyy M. 2011. Problems in nomenclature and systematics in the subfamily Kalanchoideae (Crassulaceae) over the years. Acta Agrobot. 64 (4): 67–74.
Dalzell N.A. 1852. Contributions to the botany of Western India. Hooker’s Jour. Bot. 4: 341–347.
Decary R. 1962. Les Kalanchoés de Madagascar. Nature Sci. Progr. 3332: 516–520.
Descoings B. 2003. Kalanchoë. In: Eggli U. (ed.). Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants – Crassulaceae: 143–181. Springer-Verlag, Berlin–Heidelberg–New York.
Descoings B. 2006. Le genre Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae): structure et définition. J. Bot., Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 33: 3–28.
Endlicher S.L. 1839. Genera Plantarum Secundum Ordines Naturals Disposita. Pt. 1. Fr Beck, Wien.
Forster P.I. 1985. The genera Kalanchoë and Bryophyllum in cultivation. Anacampseros 1 (I): 37–41; 1 (II): 52–56.
Friedmann F. 1971. Sur de nouveans nombers chromosomiques dans le genre Kalanchoë (Crassulacées) à Madagascar. Candolla 26: 103–107.
Friedmann F. 1975. Formes de croissance et multiplication végétative des Kalanchoë malgaches. Candolla 30: 177–188.
Gehrig H., Gaussmann O., Marx H., Schwarzott D. & Kluge M. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of the genus Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) inferred from nucleotide sequences of the ITS-1 and ITS-2 regions. Plant Sci. 160: 827–835.
Ham V.R.C.H.J. & ‘t Hart H. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships in the Crassulaceae inferred from chloroplast DNA restriction-site variation. Amer. J. Bot. 85: 123–134.
Hamet R. 1907. Monographie du genre Kalanchoë. Bull. Herb. Bois. sér. 2. 7: 869–900.
Hamet R. 1908. Monographie du genre Kalanchoë. Bull. Herb. Bois. sér. 2. 8: 17–48.
Hamet R. 1963. Sur quarte Kalanchoë – dort trois nouveaux – de e’Angola et sur un Kalanchoë du Mozambique. Bol. Soc. Brot. sér. 2. 37: 5–32.
Hamet R. & Marnier-Lapostolle J. 1964. Le genre Kalanchoë au jardin botanique „Les Cèdres”. Arch. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat. 8: 1–107.
Hance H.F. 1873. Flora Hongkongensis Supplementum. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 13: 95–144.
Hutchinson J. & Dalziel M.D. 1954. Flora of West Tropical Africa. 2e ed. Rev. par. RWJ Keay, London.
Jacobsen H. 1981. Das Sukkulenten Lexicon. VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena.
Jensen L.C.W. 1968. Primary stem vascular patterns in three subfamilies of the Crassulaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 55: 553–563.
Lauzak-Marchal M. 1974. Réhabilitation du genre Bryophyllum Salisb. (Crassulacées, Kalanchoїdées). C. R. Acad. Sci. sér. D. 278: 2505–2508.
Mauritzon J. 1933. Studien über die Embriologie der Familien Crassulaceae und Saxifragaceae. Dissertat. Univ. of Lund, Håkan Ohlssons Buchdruckerei, Lund.
Mort M.E., Soltis D.E., Soltis P.S., Francisco-Ortega J. & Santos-Guerra A. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of Crassulaceae inferred from matK. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 76–91.
Perrier de la Bâthie H. 1923. Crassulacées malgaches nouvelles. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 29: 452–455.
Perrier de la Bâthie H. 1928. Observations nouvelles sur le genre Kalanchoë. Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 2: 17–31.
Raadts E. 1977. The genus Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) in tropical East Africa. Willdenowia 8: 101–157.
Raadts E. 1983. Cytotaxonomische Untersuchungen an Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) 1. Kalanchoë marmorata Baker und 2 neue Kalanchoë-Arten aus Ostafrika. Willdenowia 13: 373–385.
Raadts E. 1985. Cytotaxonomische Untersuchungen an Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) 2. Chromosomenzahlen intermediärer Formen. Willdenowia 15: 157–166.
Raadts E. 1989. Cytotaxonomische Untersuchungen an Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) 3. Chromosomenzahlen ostafrikanischer Kalanchoë-Sippen. Willdenowia 19: 169–174.
Rauh W. 1995. Succulent and xerophytic plants of Madagascar. Vol. 1. Strawberry Press, Mill Valley (US: CA).
Salisbury R.A. 1805. The paradisus Londinensis. Vol. 1, T. 3. D.N. Shury & W.W.Hooker, London.
Schönland S. 1891. Crassulaceae. In: Engler A. & Prantl K. (eds). Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 1st ed. 3 (2a): 23-38. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig.
Stapf O. 1908. Kitchingia uniflora Stapf. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew: 258–259.
’t Hart H. 1995. Infrafamilial and generic classification of the Crassulaceae. In: ’t Hart H. & Eggi U. (eds). Evolution and Systematics of the Crassulaceae: 159–172. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.
Tillson A.H. 1940. The floral anatomy of the Kalanchoideae. Amer. J. Bot. 27: 596–600.
Tölken H.R. 1985. Crassulaceae. In: Leistner O.A. (ed.). Flora of Southern Africa. Vol. 14:1–244. Botanical Research Institute, Department of Agriculture & Water Supply, Pretoria (RSA).
Uhl C.H. 1948. Cytotaxonomic studies in the subfamilies Crassuloideae, Kalanchoideae and Cotyledonoideae of the Crassulaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 35: 695–706.
Wickens G. 1982. Miscellaneous notes on Crassula, Bryophyllum and Kalanchoë. Kew Bull. 36: 665–674.
Zepkova N.L. 1976. Division main numbers of chromosomes and polyploidy of rows in the family Crassulaceae. Voprosy Sist. Pokrytosem. Rast.: 77–81. (In Russian).
Zepkova N.L. 1980. Comparison of proposing a system the family Crassulaceae of system A. Berger’s. Voprosy Bot.: 138-145. (In Russian).
Published
2012-04-01
How to Cite
CHERNETSKYY, Myhajlo A..
The role of morpho-anatomical traits of the leaves in the taxonomy of Kalanchoideae Berg. subfamily (Crassulaceae DC.).
Modern Phytomorphology, [S.l.], v. 1, p. 15-18, apr. 2012.
ISSN 2227-9555.
Available at: <http://ojs.phytomorphology.org/index.php/MP/article/view/437>. Date accessed: 11 apr. 2018.
doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.162711.
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