Holocene history of Aconitum in the Polish Western Carpathians and adjacent regions: long-distance migrations or cryptic refugia?

  • Józef Mitka Botanical Garden, Jagiellonian University, 27 Kopernika, 31-501 Kraków, Poland
  • Piotr Boroń Department of Forest Phytopathology, Agricultural University, 46 Al. 29 Listopada, 31- 425 Kraków, Poland
  • Agnieszka Sutkowska Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Agricultural University, 24 Łobzowska, 31-140 Kraków, Poland
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.161587

Abstract

Aconitum lasiocarpum (Rchb.) Gáyer and A. variegatum L. are forest species with overlapped geographical ranges in the Beskid Niski and Doły Jasielsko-Sanockie Depression (W. Carpathians). They form here a hybrid zone. The cytogenetic evidences based on the Giemsa C-banding in A. variegatum showed the same cytotype in the Silesian Upland and the Moravskoslezské Beskids, pointing to the role of the Moravian Gate in the migrations of plants from the Moravian glacial forest refugium. Another linked the Małopolska Upland (Ojców) with the two Carpathian regions, including the Pieniny Mts. The result points to the two hypothesis. Firstly, there existed glacial forest cryptic refugia in both regions, or the Małopolska’s population is secondary in relation to the Pieniny Mts. ISSR analysis of A. moldavicum showed relationships between one of the Małopolska’s population and the Podolian populations. The Holocene migrations of the species from the Beskid Niski to the Małopolska region were also probable. The refugial character of the Pieniny Mts. was corroborated by their close relation to the relictual populations of A. moldavicum Hacq. from the Nizke Tatry.

References

Anderson E.C., Thompson E.A. 2002. A model-based method for identifying species hybrids using multilocus genetic data. Genetics 160: 1217–1229.
Bennet K.D., Provan J. 2008. What do we mean by “refugia”? Quat. Sci. Rev. 27: 2449–2455.
Boroń P., Zalewska-Gałosz J., Sutkowska A., Zemanek B., Mitka J. 2011. ISSR analysis points to relict character of Aconitum bucovinense (Ranunculaceae) at the range margin. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 80 (4): 315–326.
Excoffier L., Laval G., Schneider S. 2005. Arlequin ver. 3.0: An integrated software package for population genetics data analysis. Evol. Bioinform. Online 1: 47–50.
Felsenstein J. 2006. PHYLIP (phylogeny inference package), version 3.66. Computer program distributed by the author, website http://evolution.genetics.washington.edu/phylip.html.
Hewitt G.M. 2001. Speciation, hybrid zones and phylogeography – or seeing genes in space and time. Mol. Ecol. 10: 537–549.
Ilnicki T., Joachimiak A. J., Sutkowska A., Mitka J. 2011. Cytotypes distribution of Aconitum variegatum L. in Central Europe. In: Zemanek B. (ed.), Geobotanist and Taxonomist. A volume dedicated to Professor Adam Zając on the 70th anniversary of his birth: 169–192. Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Cracow
Kadereit J.W., Griebeler E.M., Comes H.P. 2004. Quaternary diversification in European alpine plants: pattern and process. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 359: 265–274.
Kneblová V. 1960. The interglacial flora of Gánovce travertines in estern Slovakia (Czechosłowacja). Acta Biol. Cracoviensia, Ser. Botanica 1 (1): 1–5.
Magri D., Vendramin G.G., Comps B., Dupanloup I., Geburek T., Gömöry D., Latałowa M., Litt T., Paule L., Roure J.M., Tantau I., van der Knaap W.O., Petit R.J., de Beaulieu J.L. 2006. A new scenario for the quaternary history of European beech populations: palaebotanical evidence and genetic consequences. New Phytol. 71 (1): 199–221.
Mitka J. 2003. The genus Aconitum L. (Ranunculaceae) in Poland and adjacent countries. A phenetic-geographic study. The Institute of Botany of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków.
Mitka J. 2008. Aconitum moldavicum Hacq. (Ranunculaceae) and its hybrids in the Carpathians and adjacent regions. Roczn. Bieszczadzkie 16: 233–252.
Mitka J. 2012. Aconitum in Central Europe: from Linnaean taxonomy to molecular markers. Mod. Phytomorphol. 1: 7–9.
Mitka J., Sutkowska A., Ilnicki T., Joachimiak A.J. 2007. Reticulate evolution of high-alpine Aconitum (Ranunculaceae) in the Eastern Sudetes and Western Carpathians (Central Europe). Acta Biol. Cracoviensia, Ser. Bot. 49 (2): 15–26.
Mitka J., Kozioł M. 2009. Aconitum moldavicum (Ranunculaceae) na Wyżynie Małopolskiej. Fragm. Flor. Geobot. Polonica 16 (1): 7–25.
Pawłowski B. 1972. Szata roślinna gór polskich. In: Szafer W., Zarzycki K. (eds), Szata roślinna Polski. T. 2: 189–252. PWN, Warszawa
Pawłowski J. 1991. Fauna pleniglacjału i jej zróżnicowanie [Fauna of pleniglacial and its differentition]. In: Starkel L. Geografia Polski. Środowisko Przyrodnicze [The geography of Poland. Nature Environment]: 160–164. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa. (in Polish).
Pritchard J.K., Stephens M., Donelly P. 2000. Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155: 945–959.
Ralska-Jasiewiczowa M., Miotk‑Szpiganowicz G., Zachowicz J., Latałowa M., Nalepka D. 2004. Carpinus betulus L. – hornbeam. In: Ralska-Jasiewiczowa W. et al. (eds.), Late Glacial and Holocene history of vegetation in Poland based on isopollen maps: 69–78. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków
Rohlf F.J. 2002. NTSYS-pc. Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis, version 2.1. Exeter Software, Setauket, New York, USA.
Stebbins G.L. 1985. Polyploidy, hybridization and the invasion of new habitats. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 72: 824–832.
Starkel L. 1988. Palaeogeography of the periglacial zone in Poland during the maximum advance of Vistulian ice sheet. Geographica Polonica 55: 151–163.
Stewart J.R., Lister A. M. 2001. Cryptic northern refugia and the origins of the modern biota. Trends Ecol. Evol. 16: 608–613.
Środoń A. 1982. Pieniny w historii szaty roślinnej Podhala [Pieniny in the vegetation history of Podhale]. In: Zarzycki K. (red.), Przyroda Pienin w obliczu zmian [The nature of Pieniny Mts. (West Carpathians) in face of the coming changes]. PWN, Warszawa – Kraków, 115–126.
Sutkowska A., Boroń P, Mitka J. (in print). Natural hybrid zone of the Aconitum species in the Western Carpathians: Linnaean taxonomy and ISSR fingerprinting.
Szafer W. 1930. Element górski we florze niżu polskiego [The mountain element in the flora of the Polish Plain]. Odbitka nakładem Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności, Warszawa, Kraków, etc. (in Polish with English summary).
Taberlet P., Fumagalli L., Wust-Saucy A.-G., Cossons J.-F. 1998. Comparative phylogeography and postglacial colonization routes in Europe. Mol. Ecol. 7: 453–464.
Tasenkevich L. 2005. Regional phytogeographical division of the Carpathians. Roczn. Bieszczadzkie 13: 15–28.
Willis K.J., Niklas K.J. 2004. The role of Quaternary environmental change in plant macroevolution: the exception or rule? Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 359: 159–172.
Willis K.J., van Andel T.H. 2004. Trees or not trees? The environments of central and eastern Europe during the last glaciation. Quat. Sci. Rev. 23: 2369–2387.
Wright S. 1943. Isolation by distance. Genetics 28: 114–138.
Zając M., Zając A. 2009. The geographical elements of native flora of Poland. Ed. by Laboratory of Computer Chorology, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Cracow.
Zarzycki K. 1976. Małe populacje pienińskich roślin reliktowych i endemicznych, ich zagrożenie i problemy ochrony. [Small populations of relict and endemic species of the Pieniny Range (West Carpathians Mts.), their endargment and conservation]. Ochr. Przyr. 41: 7–75. (in Polish with English summary).
Zarzycki K. 1981. Rośliny naczyniowe Pienin. Rozmieszczenie i warunki występowania. [The Vascular Plants of the Pieniny Mts. (West Carpathians). Distribution and Habitats]. Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Botaniki, PWN, Warszawa – Kraków.
Fig. 2. Distribution of the four C-Giemsa heterochromatine Cytotypes I-IV and the two groups (A and B) based on ISSR analysis and UPGMA classification of Aconitum variegatum sampled in the Western Carpathians, Sudetes Mts. and Polish Uplands (Ilnicki et al. 2011): 1 – Dąbrowa Górnicza, Silesian Upland; 2 – Bytom-Blachówka, Silesian Upland; 3 – Podolanky, Moravskoslezské Beskid Mts., W. Carpathians; 4 – Súlov, Stražovské vrchy Mts., W. Carpathians; 5 – Ojców, Małopolska Upland; 6 – Rzeki, Gorce Mts., W. Carpathians; 7 – Mt. Wysoka, Pieniny Mts., W. Carpathians; 8 – Mt. Kornuty, Beskid Niski Mts., W. Carpathians; 9 – Dolina Kościeliska Valley, Tatra Mts., W. Carpathians; 10 – Velký Kotel, Hruby Jeseník Mts., E. Sudetes.
Published
2013-04-01
How to Cite
MITKA, Józef; BOROŃ, Piotr; SUTKOWSKA, Agnieszka. Holocene history of Aconitum in the Polish Western Carpathians and adjacent regions: long-distance migrations or cryptic refugia?. Modern Phytomorphology, [S.l.], v. 3, p. 9-18, apr. 2013. ISSN 2227-9555. Available at: <http://ojs.phytomorphology.org/index.php/MP/article/view/320>. Date accessed: 11 apr. 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.161587.
Citation Formats
Issue
Vol 3 (2013)
Section
Research Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

The journal is licensed by Creative Commons under BY-NC-ND license. You are welcome and free to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) all the published materials. You may not use the material for commercial purposes. You must give appropriate credit to all published materials.

The journal allow the author(s) to hold the copyrights and to retain publishing rights without any restrictions. This is also indicated at the bottom of each article.