Anatomical investigation on Cactaceae Juss.: a historical retrospect
Abstract
Cactaceae consists of perennial stem succulents with diverse morphology. Due the distinctive structure and form the interest of researchers to this group of plants is increasing nowadays. The present paper provides an overview of published data concerning anatomical studies on the family Cactaceae since the mid-nineteenth century to our days. It is important to consider that recent interest in this field does not reduce, while the number of studies dealing with the structure and features of seedlings, the effect of various environmental factors on them is uprising. Such studies have a great practical importance for introduction and reintroduction of cacti, as well as for determination of their adaptive characteristics to environmental conditions.
References
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Almeida O.J.G. 2009. Morfoanatomia dos órgãos reprodutivos e plântula de Epiphylum phyllanthus (L.) Haw. (Cactaceae). Dissertação Mestrado, Universidade Estadual Paulista. Rio Claro, S.P.
Almeida O.J.G., Paoli A.A.S., Souza L.A., Cota-Sánchez J.H. 2013. Seedling morphology and development in the epiphytic cactus Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw. (Cactaceae: Hylocereeae). J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 140: 196–214.
Altesor A., Silva C., Ezcurra E. 1994. Allometric neoteny and the evolution of succulence in cacti. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 114: 283–292.
Arnold D.H., Mauseth J.D. 1999. Effects of environmental factors on development of wood. Am. J. Bot. 86: 367–371.
Ayala-Cordero G., Terrazas T., Lo pez-Mata L., Trejo C. 2006. Morpho-anatomical changes and photosynthetic metabolism of Stenocereus beneckei seedlings under soil water deficit. J. Exp. Bot. 57: 3165–3174.
Bailey I.W. 1964. Comparative anayomy of the leaf-bearing Cactaceae. XI. J. Arnold Arbor. 45: 140–149.
Bailey I.W., Srivastava L.M. 1962. Comparative anatomy of the leafbearing Cactaceae. IV. The fusiform initials of the cambium and the form and structure of their derivatives. J. Arnold Arbor. 43: 187–197.
Boke N.H. 1941. Zonation in the shoot apices of Trichocereus spachianus and Opuntia cylindrica. Am. J. Bot. 28: 656–664.
Boke N.H. 1944. Histogenesis of the leaf and areole in Opuntia cylindrica. Am. J. Bot. 31: 299–316.
Boke N.H. 1951. Histogenesis of the vegetative shoot in Echinocereus. Am. J. Bot. 38: 23–38.
Boke N.H. 1952. Leaf and areole development in Coryphantha. Am. J. Bot. 39: 134–145.
Boke N.H. 1954. Organogenesis of the vegetative shoot in Pereskia. Am. J. Bot. 41: 619–637.
Boke N. H. 1955. Diomorphic areoles of Epithelantha. Am. J. Bot. 42:725–733.
Boke N.H. 1957a. Comparative histogenesis of the areoles in Homalocephala and Echinocactus. Am. J. Bot. 44: 368–380.
Boke N.H. 1957b. Structure and development of the shoot in Toumeya. Am. J. Bot. 44: 888–896.
Boke N.H. 1958. Areole histogenesis in Mammillaria lasiacantha. Am. J. Bot. 45: 473–479.
Boke N.H. 1960. Anatomy and development in Solisia. Am. J. Bot. 47: 59–65.
Boke N.H. 1961. Structure and development of the shoot in Dolichothele. Am. J. Bot. 48: 316–321.
Boke N.H. 1964. The cactus gynoecium: a new interpretation. Am. J. Bot. 51: 598–610.
Bona C., Kaehler M., Takemori N.K., Cervi A.C., Alquini Y. 1997. Análise morfo-anatômica de Hatiora gaertneri (Regel) Barthlott (Cactaceae). Arquivos de Biologia e Tecnolologia 40: 752–759.
Boosfeld A. 1920. Beiträge zur vergleichenden Anatomie stamm-sukkulenter Pflanzen. Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt 37: 217–258.
Buxbaum F. 1950. Morphology of cacti. Abbey Garden Press, California.
Darling M.S. 1989. Epidermis and hypodermis of the saguaro cactus (Cereus giganteus): Anatomy and spectral properties. Am. J. Bot. 76: 1698–1706.
dos Santos Garcia J., Scremin-Dias E., Soffiatti P. 2012. Stem and root anatomy of two species of Echinopsis (Trichocereeae: Cactaceae). Rev. Mex. Biodivers. 83: 1036–1044.
Fraine E. 1910. The seedling structure of certain Cactaceae. Ann. Bot. 24: 125–175.
Freeman T.P. 1969. The developmental anatomy of Opuntia basilaris. I. Embryo, root, and transition zone. Am. J. Bot. 56: 1067–1074.
Ganong W.F. 1898. Contributions to a knowledge of the morphology and ecology of the Cactaceae: II. The comparative morphology of the embryos and seedlings. Ann. Bot. 12: 423–476.
Gibson A.C. 1973. Comparative anatomy of secondary xylem in Cactoideae (Cactaceae). Biotropica 5: 29–65.
Gibson A.C. 1977. Vegetative anatomy of Maihuenia (Cactaceae) with some theoretical discussions of ontogenetic changes in xylem cell types. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 104: 35–48.
Gibson A.C. 1978. Wood anatomy of Platyopuntias. Aliso 9: 279–307.
Hamilton M.W. 1970. The comparative morphology of three Cylindropuntias. Am. J. Bot. 57: 1255–1263.
Loza-Cornejo S., Terrazas T. 2003. Epidermal and hypodermal characteristics in North American Cactoideae (Cactaceae). J. Plant Res. 116: 27–35.
Loza-Cornejo S., Terrazas T., López-Mata L., Trejo C. 2003. Características morfo-anatómicas y metabolismo fotossintético em plántulas de Stenocereus queretaroensis (Cactaceae): su significado adaptativo. Interciencia 28: 1–26.
Malainine M.E., Dufresne A., Dupeyre D., Mahrouz V., Vuong R., Vignon M. 2003. Structure and morphology of cladodes and spines of Opuntia ficus-indica. Cellulose extraction and characterization. Carbohydr. Polym. 51:77–83.
Mauseth J.D. 1978. An investigation of the morphogenetic mechanisms which control the development of zonation in seedling shoot apical meristems. Am. J. Bot. 65: 158–167.
Mauseth J.D. 1992. Apical meristems. 1992 Yearbook of Science & Technology. McGraw-Hill Book Company.
Mauseth J.D. 1993. Water-storing and cavitation-preventing adaptations in wood of cacti. Ann. Bot. 72: 81–89.
Mauseth J.D. 2004. Giant shoot apical meristems in cacti have ordinary leaf primordia but altered phyllotaxy and shoot diameter. Ann. Bot. 94: 145–153.
Mauseth J.D. 2006. Structure-function relationships in highly modified shoots of Cactaceae. Ann. Bot. 98: 901–926.
Mauseth J.D., Halperin W. 1975. Hormonal control of organogenesis in Opuntia polyacantha (Cactaceae). Am. J. Bot. 62: 869–877.
Mauseth J.D., Plemons B.J. 1995. Developmentally variable, polymorphic woods in cacti. Am. J. Bot. 82: 1199–1205.
Mauseth J.D., Plemons-Rodriguez B.J. 1997. Presence of paratracheal water storage tissue does not alter vessel characters in cactus wood. Am. J. Bot. 84: 815–822.
Mosco A. 2009. Micro-morphology and anatomy of Turbinicarpus (Cactaceae) spines. Rev. Mex. Biodivers. 80: 119–128.
Nobel P.S. (ed.) 2002. Cacti: Biology and uses. University of California Press.
Rosas U., Zhou R.W., Castillo G., Collazo-Ortega M. 2012. Developmental reaction norms for water stressed seedlings of succulent cacti. PLoS ONE 7 (3): e33936. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033936.
Sajeva M., Mauseth J.D. 1991. Leaflike structure in the photosynthetic, succulent stems of cacti. Ann. Bot. 68: 405–411.
Salles H.G. 1987. Expressão morfológica de sementes e plântulas. I. – Cephalocereus fluminensis (Miq) Britton e Rose (Cactaceae). Revista Brasileira de Sementes 9: 73–81.
Schleiden M.J. 1845. Beitrage zur Anatomie des Cacteen. Mem. l'Acad. Imp. d. Sci. d. St. Petersb., ser. 6 4: 335–380.
Secorun A.C., de Souza L.A. 2011. Morphology and anatomy of Rhipsalis cereuscula, Rhipsalis floccosa subsp. hohenauensis and Lepismium cruciforme (Cactaceae) seedlings. Rev. Mex. Biodivers. 82: 131–143.
Smith S.D., Didden-Zopfy B., Nobel P.S. 1984. High-temperature responses of North American cacti. Ecology 65: 643–651.
Soffiatti P., Angyalossy V. 2005. Wood anatomy of Cipocereus (Cactaceae). IAWA J. 26: 299–308.
Soffiatti P., Angyalossy V. 2007. Anatomy of Brazilian Cereeae (subfamily Cactoideae, Cactaceae): Arrojadoa Britton & Rose, Stephanocereus A. Berger and Brasilicereus Backeberg. Acta Bot. Bras. 21: 813–822.
Solereder H. 1908. Systematic Anatomy of the Dicotyledons: A handbook for laboratories of pure and applied botany: 406–415. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Volgin S.A. 1986. Taxonomic revision of the subtribe Rhipsalinae Britt et Rose emend F. Buxb (Cactaceae, Cereoideae). Feddes Repert. 10: 553–564.
Weniger D. 1984. Cacti of Texas and neighboring states: A field guide. University of Texas Press, Texas.
Almeida O.J.G. 2009. Morfoanatomia dos órgãos reprodutivos e plântula de Epiphylum phyllanthus (L.) Haw. (Cactaceae). Dissertação Mestrado, Universidade Estadual Paulista. Rio Claro, S.P.
Almeida O.J.G., Paoli A.A.S., Souza L.A., Cota-Sánchez J.H. 2013. Seedling morphology and development in the epiphytic cactus Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw. (Cactaceae: Hylocereeae). J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 140: 196–214.
Altesor A., Silva C., Ezcurra E. 1994. Allometric neoteny and the evolution of succulence in cacti. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 114: 283–292.
Arnold D.H., Mauseth J.D. 1999. Effects of environmental factors on development of wood. Am. J. Bot. 86: 367–371.
Ayala-Cordero G., Terrazas T., Lo pez-Mata L., Trejo C. 2006. Morpho-anatomical changes and photosynthetic metabolism of Stenocereus beneckei seedlings under soil water deficit. J. Exp. Bot. 57: 3165–3174.
Bailey I.W. 1964. Comparative anayomy of the leaf-bearing Cactaceae. XI. J. Arnold Arbor. 45: 140–149.
Bailey I.W., Srivastava L.M. 1962. Comparative anatomy of the leafbearing Cactaceae. IV. The fusiform initials of the cambium and the form and structure of their derivatives. J. Arnold Arbor. 43: 187–197.
Boke N.H. 1941. Zonation in the shoot apices of Trichocereus spachianus and Opuntia cylindrica. Am. J. Bot. 28: 656–664.
Boke N.H. 1944. Histogenesis of the leaf and areole in Opuntia cylindrica. Am. J. Bot. 31: 299–316.
Boke N.H. 1951. Histogenesis of the vegetative shoot in Echinocereus. Am. J. Bot. 38: 23–38.
Boke N.H. 1952. Leaf and areole development in Coryphantha. Am. J. Bot. 39: 134–145.
Boke N.H. 1954. Organogenesis of the vegetative shoot in Pereskia. Am. J. Bot. 41: 619–637.
Boke N. H. 1955. Diomorphic areoles of Epithelantha. Am. J. Bot. 42:725–733.
Boke N.H. 1957a. Comparative histogenesis of the areoles in Homalocephala and Echinocactus. Am. J. Bot. 44: 368–380.
Boke N.H. 1957b. Structure and development of the shoot in Toumeya. Am. J. Bot. 44: 888–896.
Boke N.H. 1958. Areole histogenesis in Mammillaria lasiacantha. Am. J. Bot. 45: 473–479.
Boke N.H. 1960. Anatomy and development in Solisia. Am. J. Bot. 47: 59–65.
Boke N.H. 1961. Structure and development of the shoot in Dolichothele. Am. J. Bot. 48: 316–321.
Boke N.H. 1964. The cactus gynoecium: a new interpretation. Am. J. Bot. 51: 598–610.
Bona C., Kaehler M., Takemori N.K., Cervi A.C., Alquini Y. 1997. Análise morfo-anatômica de Hatiora gaertneri (Regel) Barthlott (Cactaceae). Arquivos de Biologia e Tecnolologia 40: 752–759.
Boosfeld A. 1920. Beiträge zur vergleichenden Anatomie stamm-sukkulenter Pflanzen. Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt 37: 217–258.
Buxbaum F. 1950. Morphology of cacti. Abbey Garden Press, California.
Darling M.S. 1989. Epidermis and hypodermis of the saguaro cactus (Cereus giganteus): Anatomy and spectral properties. Am. J. Bot. 76: 1698–1706.
dos Santos Garcia J., Scremin-Dias E., Soffiatti P. 2012. Stem and root anatomy of two species of Echinopsis (Trichocereeae: Cactaceae). Rev. Mex. Biodivers. 83: 1036–1044.
Fraine E. 1910. The seedling structure of certain Cactaceae. Ann. Bot. 24: 125–175.
Freeman T.P. 1969. The developmental anatomy of Opuntia basilaris. I. Embryo, root, and transition zone. Am. J. Bot. 56: 1067–1074.
Ganong W.F. 1898. Contributions to a knowledge of the morphology and ecology of the Cactaceae: II. The comparative morphology of the embryos and seedlings. Ann. Bot. 12: 423–476.
Gibson A.C. 1973. Comparative anatomy of secondary xylem in Cactoideae (Cactaceae). Biotropica 5: 29–65.
Gibson A.C. 1977. Vegetative anatomy of Maihuenia (Cactaceae) with some theoretical discussions of ontogenetic changes in xylem cell types. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 104: 35–48.
Gibson A.C. 1978. Wood anatomy of Platyopuntias. Aliso 9: 279–307.
Hamilton M.W. 1970. The comparative morphology of three Cylindropuntias. Am. J. Bot. 57: 1255–1263.
Loza-Cornejo S., Terrazas T. 2003. Epidermal and hypodermal characteristics in North American Cactoideae (Cactaceae). J. Plant Res. 116: 27–35.
Loza-Cornejo S., Terrazas T., López-Mata L., Trejo C. 2003. Características morfo-anatómicas y metabolismo fotossintético em plántulas de Stenocereus queretaroensis (Cactaceae): su significado adaptativo. Interciencia 28: 1–26.
Malainine M.E., Dufresne A., Dupeyre D., Mahrouz V., Vuong R., Vignon M. 2003. Structure and morphology of cladodes and spines of Opuntia ficus-indica. Cellulose extraction and characterization. Carbohydr. Polym. 51:77–83.
Mauseth J.D. 1978. An investigation of the morphogenetic mechanisms which control the development of zonation in seedling shoot apical meristems. Am. J. Bot. 65: 158–167.
Mauseth J.D. 1992. Apical meristems. 1992 Yearbook of Science & Technology. McGraw-Hill Book Company.
Mauseth J.D. 1993. Water-storing and cavitation-preventing adaptations in wood of cacti. Ann. Bot. 72: 81–89.
Mauseth J.D. 2004. Giant shoot apical meristems in cacti have ordinary leaf primordia but altered phyllotaxy and shoot diameter. Ann. Bot. 94: 145–153.
Mauseth J.D. 2006. Structure-function relationships in highly modified shoots of Cactaceae. Ann. Bot. 98: 901–926.
Mauseth J.D., Halperin W. 1975. Hormonal control of organogenesis in Opuntia polyacantha (Cactaceae). Am. J. Bot. 62: 869–877.
Mauseth J.D., Plemons B.J. 1995. Developmentally variable, polymorphic woods in cacti. Am. J. Bot. 82: 1199–1205.
Mauseth J.D., Plemons-Rodriguez B.J. 1997. Presence of paratracheal water storage tissue does not alter vessel characters in cactus wood. Am. J. Bot. 84: 815–822.
Mosco A. 2009. Micro-morphology and anatomy of Turbinicarpus (Cactaceae) spines. Rev. Mex. Biodivers. 80: 119–128.
Nobel P.S. (ed.) 2002. Cacti: Biology and uses. University of California Press.
Rosas U., Zhou R.W., Castillo G., Collazo-Ortega M. 2012. Developmental reaction norms for water stressed seedlings of succulent cacti. PLoS ONE 7 (3): e33936. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033936.
Sajeva M., Mauseth J.D. 1991. Leaflike structure in the photosynthetic, succulent stems of cacti. Ann. Bot. 68: 405–411.
Salles H.G. 1987. Expressão morfológica de sementes e plântulas. I. – Cephalocereus fluminensis (Miq) Britton e Rose (Cactaceae). Revista Brasileira de Sementes 9: 73–81.
Schleiden M.J. 1845. Beitrage zur Anatomie des Cacteen. Mem. l'Acad. Imp. d. Sci. d. St. Petersb., ser. 6 4: 335–380.
Secorun A.C., de Souza L.A. 2011. Morphology and anatomy of Rhipsalis cereuscula, Rhipsalis floccosa subsp. hohenauensis and Lepismium cruciforme (Cactaceae) seedlings. Rev. Mex. Biodivers. 82: 131–143.
Smith S.D., Didden-Zopfy B., Nobel P.S. 1984. High-temperature responses of North American cacti. Ecology 65: 643–651.
Soffiatti P., Angyalossy V. 2005. Wood anatomy of Cipocereus (Cactaceae). IAWA J. 26: 299–308.
Soffiatti P., Angyalossy V. 2007. Anatomy of Brazilian Cereeae (subfamily Cactoideae, Cactaceae): Arrojadoa Britton & Rose, Stephanocereus A. Berger and Brasilicereus Backeberg. Acta Bot. Bras. 21: 813–822.
Solereder H. 1908. Systematic Anatomy of the Dicotyledons: A handbook for laboratories of pure and applied botany: 406–415. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Volgin S.A. 1986. Taxonomic revision of the subtribe Rhipsalinae Britt et Rose emend F. Buxb (Cactaceae, Cereoideae). Feddes Repert. 10: 553–564.
Weniger D. 1984. Cacti of Texas and neighboring states: A field guide. University of Texas Press, Texas.
Published
2014-04-01
How to Cite
KALASHNYK, Galina V.; GAJDARZY, Marina M..
Anatomical investigation on Cactaceae Juss.: a historical retrospect.
Modern Phytomorphology, [S.l.], v. 6, p. 283-287, apr. 2014.
ISSN 2227-9555.
Available at: <http://ojs.phytomorphology.org/index.php/MP/article/view/169>. Date accessed: 11 apr. 2018.
doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.160781.
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Review Articles
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